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Post by artificer on May 25, 2022 20:07:49 GMT -7
That is an interesting question Gus. I'm also wondering if a few full or half hides and bends of varying thicknesses thought most likely to be useful would have been brought along by settlers heading west. I would imagine they would be cognizant of the possible/probable need for repairs to leather items. This is the only item I've ever collected which is even tangentially along those lines: "The moccasons in ordinary use cost but a few hours labor to make them. This was done by an instrument denominated a moccason awl, which was made of the backspring of an old clasp knife. This awl with its buckhorn handle was an appendage of every shot pouch strap, together with a roll of buckskin for mending the moccasons. This was the labor of almost every evening. They were sewed together and patched with deer skin thongs, or whangs, as they were commonly called." Spence LOVE that quote, Spence, thanks for bringing it up. Wow, there's a shot pouch accoutrement not too many people have today on their straps, from what I've seen. Back around 1974, my parents and I visited Colonial Williamsburg. They almost could not tear me away from the Cordwainer's Shop. Though when he invited us to "Tea on the Lawn" later, my Mom found that to be a lovely experience she talked about for years afterward. The Cordwainer informed me that some of his customers in the period would buy leather pieces and the cordwainer marked and stored the left overs for future use for those customers. He also said they had records of cordwainers or shop keepers selling hides to the plantations, but that was all. That's all I have from the period. Gus
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Post by hawkeyes on May 26, 2022 11:03:16 GMT -7
That is an interesting question Gus. I'm also wondering if a few full or half hides and bends of varying thicknesses thought most likely to be useful would have been brought along by settlers heading west. I would imagine they would be cognizant of the possible/probable need for repairs to leather items. This is the only item I've ever collected which is even tangentially along those lines: "The moccasons in ordinary use cost but a few hours labor to make them. This was done by an instrument denominated a moccason awl, which was made of the backspring of an old clasp knife. This awl with its buckhorn handle was an appendage of every shot pouch strap, together with a roll of buckskin for mending the moccasons. This was the labor of almost every evening. They were sewed together and patched with deer skin thongs, or whangs, as they were commonly called." Spence Can't get much better than this, an excellent short description that speaks volumes.
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Post by artificer on May 28, 2022 11:42:08 GMT -7
As I'm comparing pouches, I thought I had a match to the right pouch below, but it isn't. www.cottoneauctions.com/oldsite/old/images/TomWnuck/belts-pouches/pouch-access.jpgHowever, on Page 16 under Plate No. 6, of Madison Grant's book; it shows a truly "Make do" Pigskin Pouch somewhat similar to the right pouch above, that Grant dates to the FIW seemingly solely off the size and construction. The construction came from an "L" shaped piece of skin where the top upright part of the "L" is the flap and the shorter horizontal leg of the "L" is flipped over to the lower part of the upright leg of the "L" and sewn at the side and bottom. IOW, instead of sewing the pouch portion from two pieces, it is sewn with only minimal stitching of two sides. I have no idea why this very simple construction supposedly puts it in the FIW period? I see it as a pouch made by an amateur who just wanted to keep down the time and effort to make his pouch. As such, it is a style that could be found not only along the frontier, but also by a farmer closer to civilization, who didn't care how the pouch looked, just that it worked and it was relatively cheap. I think this construction would go well into the first quarter of the 19th century and well beyond for people in the same economic condition Gus
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Post by brokennock on May 28, 2022 14:58:47 GMT -7
I would also think amateur manufacture. Mostly though I am thinking it is made of a leftover or scrap piece from other leather work. Maybe it's the pouch for someone of lesser financial means who was able to obtain it and make a needed pouch. Or was able to get the local harness maker/saddler or shoemaker to make him one he could afford, the pro using scrap to keep the cost down. Maybe for a young man just starting out?
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Post by hawkeyes on May 29, 2022 5:09:05 GMT -7
The strap intrigues me. Looks to be loom woven of some kind.
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RyanAK
City-dweller
Once scalped…
Posts: 979
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Post by RyanAK on May 29, 2022 7:20:37 GMT -7
The strap intrigues me. Looks to be loom woven of some kind. The straps on both of these pouches are interesting. I was reading last night about home weaving of cloth in old Cumberland County, PA. That seems to have been limited to the early ‘pioneer’ period until merchants were established selling textiles. Even then, weaving took place locally in a sort of ‘division of labor’ in the communities where one household would set up to do weaving on a semi-commercial scale. Fiber production and spinning seems to have been prevalent throughout the second half of the 18th century in a majority of households. I wonder how common it was to do small woven articles on something like an inkle loom. The leather strap on the vertical bag seems to not have the same wear as the rest of the pouch. Without having it in hand, I’d guess that it’s a fairly recent replacement. Which brings up an important point. These relics have had a long working life, as well as a long ‘artifact’ life. I think we do well to remember that the surviving examples as found might not be as made. Straps especially may have been repaired or replaced during the pouch’s long existence. I have my grandfather’s axe. The handle has been replaced three times and the head once. Which brings up another important idea for our impressions. We don’t use our kit in the same way as the men we're recreating. Our gear isn’t getting the same wear. Things like small repairs or replacement parts can go a long way into improving our impressions. A hem repair with a different color thread. A small patch on a coat elbow. A replaced or repaired strap on our shot pouch. These things can really add to our overall look.
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Post by paranger on May 29, 2022 7:57:17 GMT -7
I wholeheartedly agree, Ryan. I hear a lot of "just get it out in the woods more, and it'll look well used in no time." For most of us, however disireable, this proves impractical. So, I think a few thoughtfully placed "working life repairs" can really enhance an impression, if not overdone. Here is a squirrel hide "repair" that Ron Vail incorporated on my powder horn"
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RyanAK
City-dweller
Once scalped…
Posts: 979
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Post by RyanAK on May 29, 2022 8:34:07 GMT -7
I wholeheartedly agree, Ryan. I hear a lot of "just get it out in the woods more, and it'll look well used in no time." For most of us, however disireable, this proves impractical. So, I think a few thoughtfully placed "working life repairs" can really enhance an impression, if not overdone. Here is a squirrel hide "repair" that Ron Vail incorporated on my powder horn" Perfect! Love it. That’s precisely what I’m talking about and plan to incorporate where I can. Is the strap just a piece of linen fabric?? Something else with twine? Nice!
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Post by paranger on May 29, 2022 9:09:51 GMT -7
Yep - the powderhorn strap is just a strip of linen I cut from an antique linen tablecloth that was no longer serviceable and tea-dyed.
The waxed linen shot pouch with braintan scrap flap hangs from a twisted hemp cord which, like the powderhorn strap, I adjust by simply moving the knot at the top. 😁
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Post by artificer on May 29, 2022 9:42:17 GMT -7
I would also think amateur manufacture. Mostly though I am thinking it is made of a leftover or scrap piece from other leather work. Maybe it's the pouch for someone of lesser financial means who was able to obtain it and make a needed pouch. Or was able to get the local harness maker/saddler or shoemaker to make him one he could afford, the pro using scrap to keep the cost down. Maybe for a young man just starting out? IMO, this pouch is just too crude for a professional to have made it, even as his least expensive work. The shape of the flap, alone, is enough to see that, but also the crude shape of the rest of the pouch, even though many years have passed since it was made. The cowhide strap may or even was traded for or purchased from a leatherworker or store, though, and probably was what we would call a belt blank. It may also have been a later replacement as you suggested. Hog Butchering was traditionally done in the late fall in the 18th century. Since pigskin did not have the trade value of deerskin and since no skiving/reducing of the thickness of the hide was necessary to make a pouch, it was an ideal way to use the skin for the common folk. I have been looking for a link I had on how long Hog hides had to be processed in a homemade vegetable/bark tanning vat, but can't find it now. However, it seems it was at least four to six months. Brain tanning would not have required the same time, perhaps only a month or two. That meant a farmer or settler could have made the pouch from a hog hide over the winter months. Gus
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Post by artificer on May 29, 2022 9:48:07 GMT -7
The strap intrigues me. Looks to be loom woven of some kind. The straps on both of these pouches are interesting. I was reading last night about home weaving of cloth in old Cumberland County, PA. That seems to have been limited to the early ‘pioneer’ period until merchants were established selling textiles. Even then, weaving took place locally in a sort of ‘division of labor’ in the communities where one household would set up to do weaving on a semi-commercial scale. Fiber production and spinning seems to have been prevalent throughout the second half of the 18th century in a majority of households. I wonder how common it was to do small woven articles on something like an inkle loom. The leather strap on the vertical bag seems to not have the same wear as the rest of the pouch. Without having it in hand, I’d guess that it’s a fairly recent replacement. Which brings up an important point. These relics have had a long working life, as well as a long ‘artifact’ life. I think we do well to remember that the surviving examples as found might not be as made. Straps especially may have been repaired or replaced during the pouch’s long existence. I have my grandfather’s axe. The handle has been replaced three times and the head once. Which brings up another important idea for our impressions. We don’t use our kit in the same way as the men we're recreating. Our gear isn’t getting the same wear. Things like small repairs or replacement parts can go a long way into improving our impressions. A hem repair with a different color thread. A small patch on a coat elbow. A replaced or repaired strap on our shot pouch. These things can really add to our overall look. Spence has a Dodderidge quote where he made loomed belts and leg ties on an extremely simple board loom. I'm not sure, but I think this was in the 1760's? Gus
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Post by artificer on May 29, 2022 10:46:46 GMT -7
From Spence,
Doddridge wrote:
"Young as I was, I was possessed of an art which was of great use. It was that of weaving shot-pouch straps, belts and garters. I could make my loom and weave a belt in less than one day. Having a piece of board about four feet long, an inch auger, spike gimlet, and a drawing knife, I needed no other tools or materials for making my loom. It frequently happened, that my weaving proved serviceable to the family, as I often sold a belt for a day’s work, or making a hundred nails. So that although a boy, I could exchange my labour for that of a full grown person, for an equal length of time."
Gus
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Post by hawkeyes on May 30, 2022 3:47:42 GMT -7
The strap intrigues me. Looks to be loom woven of some kind. The straps on both of these pouches are interesting. I was reading last night about home weaving of cloth in old Cumberland County, PA. That seems to have been limited to the early ‘pioneer’ period until merchants were established selling textiles. Even then, weaving took place locally in a sort of ‘division of labor’ in the communities where one household would set up to do weaving on a semi-commercial scale. Fiber production and spinning seems to have been prevalent throughout the second half of the 18th century in a majority of households. I wonder how common it was to do small woven articles on something like an inkle loom. The leather strap on the vertical bag seems to not have the same wear as the rest of the pouch. Without having it in hand, I’d guess that it’s a fairly recent replacement. Which brings up an important point. These relics have had a long working life, as well as a long ‘artifact’ life. I think we do well to remember that the surviving examples as found might not be as made. Straps especially may have been repaired or replaced during the pouch’s long existence. I have my grandfather’s axe. The handle has been replaced three times and the head once. Which brings up another important idea for our impressions. We don’t use our kit in the same way as the men we're recreating. Our gear isn’t getting the same wear. Things like small repairs or replacement parts can go a long way into improving our impressions. A hem repair with a different color thread. A small patch on a coat elbow. A replaced or repaired strap on our shot pouch. These things can really add to our overall look. Very much agree with your response, well put together.
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Post by artificer on May 30, 2022 10:20:26 GMT -7
More from Doddridge,
"My reader will naturally ask where were their mills for grinding grain ? Where their tanners for making leather ? Where their smith shops for making and repairing their farming utensils ? Who were their carpenters, tailors, cabinet workmen, shoemakers, and weavers? The answer is, those manufacturers did not exist, nor had they any tradesmen, who were professedly such. Every family were under the necessity of doing every thing for them- selves as well as they could.
Every family tanned their own leather. The tan vat was a large trough sunk to the upper edge in the ground. A quantity of bark was easily obtained every spring, in clearing and fencing the land. This, after drying, was brought in and in wet days was shaved and pounded on a block of wood, with an axe or mallet. Ashes was used in place of lime for taking off the hair. -Bear's oil, hog's lard and tallow, answered the place of fish oil. The leather, to be sure, was coarse ; but it was substan- tially good. The operation of currying was performed by a drawing knife with its edge turned, after the manner of a curry- ing knife. The blacking for the leather was made of soot and hog's lard.
Almost every family contained its own tailors and shoe- makers. Those who could not make shoes could make shoe- packs. These, like moccasins, were made of a single piece of leather with the exception of a tongue piece on the top of the foot. This was about two inches broad and circular at the lower end. To this the main piece of leather was sewed, with a gather- ing stitch. The seam behind was like that of a moccasin. To the shoepack a sole was sometimes added. The women did the tailor work. They could all cut out and make hunting shirts, leggins and drawers.
The state of society which existed in our country at an early period of its settlement is well calculated to call into action every native mechanical genius. This happened in this country. There was, in almost every neighborhood, some one whose natural in- genuity enabled him to do many things for himself and his neigh- bors, far above what could have been reasonably expected. With the few tools which they brought with them into the country they certainly performed wonders.
Their looms, although heavy, did very well. Those who could not exercise these mechanic arts were under the necessity of giving labor, or barter, to their neighbors in exchange for the use of them, so far as their necessities required."
I was very pleased to find this documented evidence of the state of society on the frontier settlements.
If someone had a professionally made shot pouch on the frontier, it was probably one they or someone else either brought with them or they did well enough to order it from back east.
Gus
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RyanAK
City-dweller
Once scalped…
Posts: 979
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Post by RyanAK on May 30, 2022 16:45:33 GMT -7
Thanks, Gus. I’ve seen Doddderidge quoted numerous times but don’t have ibis work in my library. Where/when was he reporting from?
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